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شناسایی نشانگرهای زیستی جدید برای سرطان ریه
به گزارش از مدیکال ساینس، این نشانگرهای زیستی در واقع تغییراتی در دنباله DNA هستند که میزان مقاومت ما را در برابر بیماری‌ها تعیین می‌کنند و با عنوان چند ریختی‌های تک نوکلئوتید شناخته می شوند. در این تحقیقات دو نشانگر زیستی مربوط به سرطان ریه نوع سلول غیر کوچک (non-small cell) و یک نشانگر زیستی مربوط بهسرطان ریه […]
تشخیص سرطان با هوش مصنوعی
محققان ژاپنی یک سیستم جدید آندوسکوپی ساختند که با استفاده از هوش مصنوعی قادر است به طور خودکار تومورهای روده‌ای را تشخیص دهد. به گزارش از ساینس دیلی، این سیستم جدید از تصویر آندوسکوپی یک تومور که پس از به‌کارگیری حالت NBI یا رنگ‌آمیزی آن با استفاده از ترکیب شیمیایی متیلن بلو به دست آمده […]
History
Medicine has used radiation therapy as a treatment for cancer for more than 100 years, with its earliest roots traced from the discovery of x-rays in 1895 by Wilhelm Röntgen. Emil Grubbe of Chicago was possibly the first American physician to use x-rays to treat cancer, beginning in 1896. The field of radiation therapy began […]
IORT
Intraoperative radiotherapy Intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) is applying therapeutic levels of radiation to a target area, such as a cancer tumor, while the area is exposed during surgery. The goal of IORT is to improve local tumor control and survival rates for patients with different types of cancer. Rationale The rationale for IORT is to […]
Dose
The amount of radiation used in photon radiation therapy is measured in gray (Gy), and varies depending on the type and stage of cancer being treated. For curative cases, the typical dose for a solid epithelial tumor ranges from 60 to 80 Gy, while lymphomas are treated with 20 to 40 Gy. Preventive (adjuvant) doses are typically […]
Mechanism of action
Radiation therapy works by damaging the DNA of cancerous cells. This DNA damage is caused by one of two types of energy, photon or charged particle. This damage is either direct or indirect ionization of the atoms which make up the DNA chain. Indirect ionization happens as a result of the ionization of water, forming […]
Unsealed source radiotherapy (systemic radioisotope therapy)
Systemic radioisotope therapy (RIT) is a form of targeted therapy. Targeting can be due to the chemical properties of the isotope such as radioiodine which is specifically absorbed by the thyroid gland a thousandfold better than other bodily organs. Targeting can also be achieved by attaching the radioisotope to another molecule or antibody to guide […]